Around 5% fewer house sales took place in May this year than in the same month in 2021, according to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) figures.

Some experts said it could be a sign of the impact of rising mortgage rates and living costs on the housing market.

Across the UK, 109,210 homes changed hands last month, marking a 5.1% fall compared with May 2021.

However, the total did edge up by 1.3% compared with April 2022.

The total for May this year is also up compared with the 96,500 house sales recorded in the same month in 2019, before the coronavirus pandemic.

House prices have continued to hit a string of record highs in recent months.

Interest rates have also been gradually increasing, pushing up the cost of new mortgage deals and existing home loans on variable rates.

Nick Leeming, chairman of estate agent Jackson-Stops, said: “Whilst higher interest rates are likely to rein in housing demand, more supply is needed to even out the scales and keep transactions buoyant.

“This is not just in the form of new-build properties but also encouraging the sale of under-occupied houses by supporting downsizers and the rising costs of moving.”

Anna Clare Harper, director of real estate technology platform IMMO, said: “Last year’s temporary stamp duty reduction encouraged homeowners to upgrade and aspiring homeowners to get on the housing ladder. This boosted transactions substantially.”

She said that while the pace of house price growth often outweighed the stamp duty savings that could be made last year, “this was not a barrier due to widely available, cheap mortgage finance, which funds property acquisitions but not transaction taxes”.

Kevin Webb, managing director, Legal & General Surveying Services, said: “As we approach the midpoint of the year, the peaks of the market are levelling out, especially as we begin to see the impact of rising mortgage rates and living costs on the housing market.

“Of course, while this may have slightly dented enthusiasm in the market, activity certainly hasn’t run out of steam.”

Jeremy Leaf, a north London estate agent and a former residential chairman of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (Rics), said: “Transactions, which are probably a better measure of market health than more volatile prices, are often the last to reflect change.

“The protracted period between the date a sale is agreed and completion means we can wait several months to notice something is up.

“Previous falls in sale numbers could partly have been blamed on shortage of stock, but we are now finding, at the sharp end, a softening in demand prompted principally by the rise in inflation, as well as uncertainty as to when it will end.”

Chris Hutchinson, chief executive of rental platform Canopy, said: “With inflation showing no signs of easing, mortgages will continue to get further out of reach and push those with dreams of homeownership out of the market.”